organzation behavior Essay Example

organzation behavior Essay Organization behavior Name: Institution: Lecturer: We will write a custom essay sample on organzation behavior specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on organzation behavior specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on organzation behavior specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Course: Date: Organization behavior Case 1 Some of the possible reasons for absenteeism in an insurance company are associated with internal and external factors. From the MAR’S model, four key factors determine the individual behaviors in a company. First, motivation determines the performance of workers. Thus, lack of motivation could have been one of the reasons for absenteeism. Another factor that negatively affects the company is ability. Ability for analyzing data is vital; thus, poor ability might affect the individual behaviors and performance. Factors such as role perception and situational factors can be the reasons for absenteeism. Therefore, poor communication within the company can discourage employees thus making many of them have poor role perception. Stress and lack of job satisfaction can be challenging to employees thus contributing to their absenteeism. This might be reduced through creating conducive working environment, which is stress free. Moreover, good communication, motivation of workers and g ood role model will reduce absenteeism. Case study 2.1 The captain is trying to displays the problems he is experiencing. Captain beliefs the cause of the problem was through hiring inexperienced people who do not have role perception or competence. Using MARS model, the possible causes of unacceptable behavior are varied. First, hiring of inexperienced young people who are not exposed to work before. This directly affected the performance level because of poor paperwork that was done. Secondly, insufficient training programs thus poor performance. The problem of hating paperwork could have not risen if training programs were carried out. This could enable the officers have better skills for the job. Thirdly, poor motivation that led to poor performance in paperwork. Captain did not motivate officers thus they became unaware of organizational goals. Lastly, poor role perception made the officers dislike paperwork. This is because there was no clear role perception and acknowledgment of the paperwork description. Moreover, they were not aware that the organization would suffer in case they could not perform paperwork. Lastly, the officers were hired to perform jobs, which are not matching with their job requirements. This contributed to poor performance in paperwork thus putting the company at risk. The captain has not identified all the possible solutions to the problems. This is because there are some problems a part from lack of motivation, determination and interests of officers towards the written crime description. There are some factors that captain did not mention thus, needs to evaluate and make adjustments for better organizational performance. First, evaluating the stressing environment and make sure that the working environment is stress free. Training workers is vital because it will enable them to have abilities to perform better paperwork. Motivation alone cannot be successful if workers do not posses the required abilities for a specific position. Comprehensive job descriptions can be done indicating clear expectations. This will aid the employees in understanding the role perception thus producing better results in paperwork. Furthermore, the captain should act a role model to employees. This is vital because he will make employees understand the ways through wh ich employees are supposed to play a part in the company. Additionally, captain can analyze the situation, redesign job, encourage competence and ensure that the working environment is conducive. He will communicate well in order to eliminate the problems that he is undergoing in the company. Therefore, by adopting the MARS model, the captain will enable employees to discover the driving force behind their action thus improving in paperwork.

THE THEME OF TRAGEDY IN EDGAR ALLAN POES TALES OF TERROR essays

THE THEME OF TRAGEDY IN EDGAR ALLAN POE'S TALES OF TERROR essays Although most readers would not immediately recognize it, a number of the so-called "Tales of Terror" by American author Edgar Allan Poe, born in Boston in 1809 and the youngest son of Elizabeth and David Poe. Jr., contain central themes associated with tragedy and tragic drama. With a detailed reading of such tales as "The Tell-Tale Heart," "The Pit and the Pendulum," "The Black Cat," "The Cask of Amontillado" and "The Fall of the House of Usher," the dark presence of tragedy can be strongly sensed, for it not only permeates the plotlines but also the various characters that bring the tale to life as though each was experiencing the sensations and emotions that make up a true tragic figure, replete with misery, denial, fabrications, and death. Ironically, Poe's own life was based on a tragic drama, for it was influenced by many events that were beyond his control, such as the early death of his wife Virginia in 1847 from tuberculosis. In essence, it could be said that Poe had his own "fatal flaw" that finally led to his own death in October of 1849 at the age of forty. The Greek philosopher Aristotle defines tragic drama as "a power capable of raising pity and fear, or terror. . . to purge the mind of these passions. . . to temper and reduce them. . . by reading or seeing those passions imitated" (Hamilton, 56), i.e. tragedy gnaws at one's emotions, thus bringing about a release, or purgation, when the tragic figure is triumphant or victorious over his oppressors or the object of his frustrations. However, since Aristotle's time, literary purists have what constitutes tragedy, yet Poe's own interpretation of this term is "the primordial emotions that rise from the deepest recesses of the human soul" which he described as "the reproduction of what the senses perceive in nature through a veil. . . the naked senses sometimes sees too little but then they always see too muc...

Precis for two articles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Precis for two articles - Essay Example The effect is seen as the forest size in the state was reduced significantly. The author also notes that there have been challenges in saving trees in the region. One of the biggest challenges has been due to political consideration. This is because the area has a vast population of people making a large political base. Additionally, the government has been supporting voters at the expense of environmentalist. In fact, the frustration to the environmentalist has led to resignation of environment minister in the government. The other challenge has been on government policies such as Plano Amazonia. The policy of expanding infrastructure has also led to increased effect on the forest. Moreover, poor economic status has led to increased deforestation as some people depend on logging as a source of livelihood. As a result, clearing trees creates ways for cattle farmers to sow grass and raise their cattle’s. In fact, increased interest for land has led to murder especially in Para. However, there have been some initiatives for saving the forest. First, there has been a passage of land reform bill by the congress. Secondly, the government is engaging in improving economic status of the residence through commercialization of forest products. Moreover, foreign institutions have joined the effort through the provision of funds aimed at conserving the forest. Additionally, the infrastructure will be built in a sustainable manner. As a result, it is believed the initiatives will help in preserving the forest. The World Resource Institute report notes that the forests are under intense pressure and hence facing substantial environmental challenges. As a result, the pressure has been linked directly and indirectly to human. The significant pressure has been from human settlements. First, there has been increased deforestation for the last decade to create room for

Futuristic Design in Public Safety and Housing for an Ideal Imaginary Essay

Futuristic Design in Public Safety and Housing for an Ideal Imaginary City - Essay Example People can now live above the earth, and do not need to rely on it for any further for living, beside as a base for recourses. This also leads to a new mode of transportation, the closest thing we have seen so far would be shuttles and crafts seen in Star Wars movies. Using these floating vehicles, we are able to nimbly and swiftly commute from advanced city to advanced city. The new standard of living has also opened up new advancements in the living and safety of all people. All houses are now simple domes in the sky, and can only be entered by strict security clearance. A person must enter a chamber, where the person's retina is scanned, as well as their handprints analyzed. This offers maximum household security and has brought robbery rates down to practically zero. Many other household advancements have helped make life easier and more comfortable for many people. New climate control meters are installed in every home, which allows for complete control of the temperature, and even the weather inside the house dome. If a person wants it to rain for example, they must simply press a button on the weather control mechanism, which will make it rain. The same can be done for all weather and temperatures. This advancement lead to people not having to live in a certain location to benefit from the climate they wanted. New advancements in how policing systems work have led to a huge increase in pub

English Essays House of Mirth

English Essays House of Mirth Analysis Extracted from the text of Chapter 6, House of Mirth. Lily mused. Dont you think, she rejoined after a moment, that the people who find fault with society are too apt to regard it as an end and not a means, just as the people who despise money speak as if its only use were to be kept in bags and gloated over? Isnt it fairer to look at them both as opportunities, which may be used either stupidly or intelligently, according to the capacity of the user? That is certainly the sane view; but the queer thing about society is that the people who regard it as an end are those who are in it, and not the critics on the fence. Its just the other way with most shows the audience may be under the illusion, but the actors know that real life is on the other side of the footlights. (Wharton 69-70)† Edith Wharton’s House of Mirth is unique among its British counterparts. Wharton’s American â€Å"novel of manners† presents a distorted protagonist when compared to contemporaries such as Jane Austen’s Sense and Sensibility; unlike British novels of the age, House of Mirth unfolds in an American setting, where issues such as class have a substantially weaker hold over society than in Europe. Wharton’s protagonist falls victim to a grim, realist destiny so common to American literature. Unlike Sense and Sensibility where the bourgeois lifestyle is overcome, House of Mirth concludes with Lily Bart taking her own life, her dream of marrying into wealth unfulfilled. Lily is a tragic character, one whose condescendence and adoration of the bourgeois lifestyle overpower her sense of happiness as she turns away from her true love, a man named Lawrence Selden whose meager holdings cannot satisfy Lily’s need to marry into New York’s elite circ les. Lily and Selden discuss status and the impetus of wealth during time spent on their own, away from Bertha Dorset. Wharton presents the conversation in the aforementioned context so that it the true intentions, feelings, and opinions of Lily and Selden can emerge. Through her conversation with Selden, Lily indirectly defends her drive to ascend through the ranks of New York’s social coteries. She is not completely forthright, and never states in clear language that she uses society as a means and not an end. Rather, she criticizes those who â€Å"find fault with society,† and in doing refrains from condemning the New York caste system in which she partakes. That Lily is understated in her social contentions serves to illustrate her high regard for Selden, despite his relatively low standing and meager lifestyle. Just as Lily figuratively tiptoes around Bertha due to her high social rank, she also gingerly approaches issues with Selden, a man for whom she has great affection. Lily’s reverence for Selden, however, cannot be for his ability to climb social ranks; he is an enlightened figure, representing a new social age, an irrevocably American stance on egalitarianism. The conversation between Lily and Selden marks the only point in the novel that empowers Lily to communicate her true feelings for Selden and her wishes to be completely aloof of her situation. Richard Chase, author of The American Novel and Its Tradition, writes that American novelists are â€Å"not [interested] in social manners but in ‘personalities of transcendent value’, as† communicated through Wharton’s portrayal of the enlightened Selden (Chase 159). The prevailing theme in Lily’s stance is the reflection of Lily’s situation. She is perennially one of the â€Å"critics on the fence†, never able to achieve the life of social class that she so desires (Wharton 70). Ironically, she never has a chance to live the detached life Selden leads, and she is forced to wistfully long for an alternative to the situation in which she finds herself. Selden remains opposite Lily as a representative of the common American people; he is detached from the hustle of high society. The actors he describes in his metaphor for people who understand life is poignant in reflecting the general malaise of certain members of the upper class. The actors represent the bourgeois, the audience the proletariat. Selden’s metaphor aptly describes the class struggle in which Lily finds herself firmly entrenched.   Selden’s metaphor effectively portrays the elite as staging a farcical system, one that serves only to distract the rest of the world that is trying desperately to take part in the reality given to them by a small group of people. The actors, or the elite, look wistfully beyond, knowing full well that a â€Å"transcendent value† lies outside the stage. Therefore, the actors put two faces forward: one they show to keep up the masquerade for the public (the audience), and another that reflects their true happiness. Chas e describes this eclipsing characteristic as a natural tendency of virtue, implicit in the personalities of those who are transcendent of â€Å"the amenities and discipline of social intercourse† (Chase 159). This duplicity of character is most embodied by Bertha and her love affair with Ned. Bertha, the archetypal social elitist, maintains the facade of a healthy relationship with her â€Å"upper crust† husband. Bertha realizes there is a deeper happiness, that her social relationship and marriage (presumably arranged according to her ascension up the social ladder) is secondary to her true happiness, an affair with Ned. If discovered, her affair would ruin her marriage, something Bertha must surely know. That she is willing to be discovered is a testament to her drive for happiness; in this instant, Bertha is among the enlightened, partially detached from her life in the social chain. Selden also presents the theme that social constraints are a product of the people; there is no obligation to follow it as he proves to Lily through his existence. His affection for Lily despite the knowledge that she will marry solely for means he cannot provide is a testament to his insistence that the world is bigger than the New York strata. Selden’s metaphor postulates the existence of the bourgeois in the hands of the proletariat; though the bourgeois are perceived to be â€Å"in control†, they would not exist were it not for the pandering of the lower classes. It is the lower classes (such as Lily) that promulgate the existence of the social hierarchy. The bourgeois (such as Bertha) do not restrain lower classes any more than they are given license to. Unlike Europe where ancestry dictated social class, American â€Å"manners† were â€Å"nearly uniform among all Americans,† exemplified by Bertha’s trite condescension, which in many ways mirro rs that of Lily’s toward the high life’s critics (Chase 158).  Ã‚   House of Mirth transcends the â€Å"novel of manners† label. Chase states that the novel, like its peers cannot â€Å"sustain the tone† and that there is â€Å"something else more arresting than the observation of manners† (Chase 158). The uniformity of humanity amongst the American publication and the realism behind life’s situations is best exemplified in Lily’s failure as a character. She is almost a tragic character as she takes her life following her inability to secure the life for which she had set out. The antagonist, Bertha, constantly set out to sabotage Lily’s emergence as one of the social elite. Lily never fully realizes her illogical approach to society; her flippant attitude toward those who â€Å"find fault with society† as an end is the greatest irony of the conversation. In treating society and class as an end, Lily enslaves herself under the whims of those in the elite. It is the elite, such as Bertha, that ultimatel y decide her fate. Therefore, the more Lily strove to become a part of the New York social elite, the more deviant Bertha’s subterfuge became. Her attempts to become assimilated backfired, further cementing her lower class status. Had Lily refuted the importance of class and rejected materialism’s wares, she may have recognized that society existed to serve as a means to her end and not vice versa. Lily becomes a victim â€Å"at the mercy of [her] environment,† her fate decided not by how she conducted herself but rather by the choices she made (Chase 160). Lily’s failure to enter the most elite New York social circle was not because she was ungainly, unfit. House of Mirth’s most poignant themes surround the similarities between the American bourgeois and the proletariat. Lily failed to achieve all that she set out because of Bertha. Bertha is a factor of the realist environment Wharton weaves throughout the plot; Lily is a victim of the consequenc es of her actions, not a flaw in her nature. American realism sets Wharton apart from writers like Austen. Contrary to conventional â€Å"manner novels†, Wharton focuses on literary foils such as Selden to accentuate the similarities between the classes and the futility of social strata. To an extent, Wharton shows that it is impossible to change one’s social status. It is more viable to deny the system altogether, as society and its organization ultimately exist to serve the populous. The conversation shared by Lily and Selden exemplifies such a stance; Lily, who spends her adult life trying to break her way into circles of the elite, dies a woman who never realizes her life’s aim. Selden insists that the only people who regard society as all encompassing and all-important are those who remain at the top of social chains, and that even they realize that life is not what society makes of it. The logical entity between the two, Selden proves through his language and use of metaphors the undeniable fact that if the bourgeois seek a transcendent life, then so should the common man. BIBLIOGRAPHY Chase, Richard. (1957) The American Novel and Its Tradition. London, G. Bell and  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sons, Ltd. Wharton, Edith. (1994) The House of Mirth. New York, Oxford U P.

hemingway Essay -- essays research papers

Ernest Hemingway was an American writer. He was born in 1899 in Oak Park, Illinois. He committed suicide in 1961 in Ketchum, Idaho (Burges 17). Even today Hemingway is one of the most recognized authors in the world. Hemingway’s experiences during World War I are directly shown in many of his works. His general outlook on life is reflected in the adventures of his characters. It is clear that Hemingway had a desire to be part of the war even though, due to bad vision he was unable to enlist in the army and fight in the war. Instead he lied about his age and went to Italy to become an ambulance driver. While in Italy he experienced many things that he would later go on to write about in works such as A Farewell to Arms and For Whom the Bells Toll. Ernest Miller Hemingway was born on July 21st, 1899 in Oak Park, IL. He was the second of six children born to Grace Hall Hemingway, an aspiring opera singer, who gave up a career for marriage and six children. His father, Clarence Edmunds Hemingway, was a family physician and avid outdoorsmen. Clarence shared his love for the outdoors with his young son, Ernest, who found a liking for the outdoors from a young age. His first trip to the great outdoors was when he was just six weeks old. The Hemingway family and Ernest’s nurse went to Lake Walloon in upper Michigan each summer. Perhaps it was this early exposure to nature that fostered Hemingway’s sense of adventure (Baker 45). During Hemingway’s sixty- two years he was married four times. First to Elizabeth Hadley Richardson on September 3,1921. During their six-year marriage they lived in Paris, where Ernest was a war correspondent for the Toronto Star. Elizabeth’s trust fund made their life much easier. Their marriage ended in 1927. Shortly after his divorce from Hadley, Hemingway married Pauline Pfeiffer. He and Pfeiffer lived in Key West for the majority of their marriage. In 1940 Hemingway would marry fellow war correspondent Martha Ellis Greenhorn. This would be his shortest marriage, lasting only five years. His final marriage was on March, 14, 1946 to Mary Welsh Monks They were married for fourteen years, during which they lived at Hemingway’s Lookout Farm in San Francisco de Paula, Cuba (Hemingway 34). When the call went out that ambulance drivers for the war were needed, Hemingway, a recent high school graduate volunteered immediately. He said â€Å" I wante... ...est I can write ever for all of my life. It will destroy the criticism that claims I can write about notheing except myself and my own experiences.†(Baker 67) The story he would write was eventually called The Old Man and The Sea. This was a story that he had been thinking about since he first heard it in 1935. It is the story of an old Cuban fisherman who fought a swordfish for four days and nights only to lose it to sharks. It was first published as a story called â€Å"On The Blue Water† in Esquire. Then it became the novella, The Old Man and The Sea. It was published in Life and was a Book-of-the Month selection (Baker 174). At this point his celebrity really took off but his personal life seemed to come apart. Hemingway achieved many great things in his life such as being honored with the Nobel prize for literature and being recognized in the media as the first American wounded in Italy. He was a lonely and unhappy man. His wife and mother had died and he was in ill health. In July of 1961 he took his own life with a shotgun blast to his head (Hemingway 165). Hemingway was one of the most influential writers of the twentieth century whose stories and legacy will always live on.

Work Satisfaction and Motivation

————————————————- THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN REWARDS, RECOGNITION AND MOTIVATION AT AN INSURANCE COMPANY ————————————————- IN THE WESTERN CAPE ABSTRACT Increasingly, organizations are realizing that they have to establish an equitable balance between the employee’s contribution to the organization and the organization’s contribution to the employee. Establishing this balance is one of the main reasons to reward and recognize employees. Organizations that follow a strategic approach to creating this balance focus on the three main components of a reward system, which includes, compensation, benefits and recognition (Deeprose, 1994). Studies that have been conducted on the topic indicates that the most common problem in organizations today is that they miss the important component of recognition, which is the low-cost, high-return ingredient to a well-balanced reward system. A key focus of recognition is to make employees feel appreciated and valued (Sarvadi, 2005). Research has proven that employees who get recognized tend to have higher self-esteem, more confidence, more willingness to take on new challenges and more eagerness to be innovative (Mason, 2001). The aim of this study is to investigate whether rewards and recognition has an impact on employee motivation. A biographical and Work Motivation Questionnaire was administered to respondents (De Beer, 1987). The sample group (N= 184) consists of male and female employees on post-grade levels 5 to 12. The results of the research indicated that there is a positive relationship between rewards, recognition and motivation. The results also revealed that women and employees from non-white racial backgrounds experienced lower levels of rewards, recognition and motivation. Future research on the latter issues could yield interesting insights into the different factors that motivate employees. ————————————————- Notwithstanding the insights derived from the current research, results need to be interpreted with caution since a convenience sample was used, thereby restricting the generalizability to the wider population. ————————————————- ———————————————— ———————————————â€⠀- DATA GATHERING INSTRUMENT For the purpose of this study a quantitative methodology was followed and a questionnaire was used as the measuring instrument. According to Leary (2004), the major advantages of questionnaires are that they can be administered to groups of people simultaneously, and they are less costly and less time-consuming than other measuring instruments. The data gathering techniques used included a biographical questionnaire and the Work Satisfaction and Motivation Questionnaire as set out by De Beer (1987). ———————————————— BIOGRAPHICAL QUESTIONNAIRE The biographical questionnaire was a self-developed questionnaire that incorporated the following personal information of the respondents, gender, home language, marital status, age, race, job classification, education, qualifications, job grade and tenure. Refer to Appendix 2. ———â⠂¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€- WORK SATISFACTION AND MOTIVATION QUESTIONNAIRE The questionnaire as set out by De Beer (1987) incorporates the sixteen factors of Herzberg’s two-factor theory. The questionnaire consisted of nine dimensions that impact employee satisfaction and motivation. Refer to Appendix 3. ————————————————- THE NINE DIMENSIONS OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE According to De Beer (1987) the nine dimensions are as follows: 1. Work content probed the respondents’ feelings about the type of work they do. 2. Payment probed respondents’ satisfaction with their salaries. 3. Promotion probed for the opportunity that the organization offers for promotion. 4. Recognition probed whether the respondent was receiving the recognition and feedback for the jobs they perform. . Working conditions were probed as the fifth factor and looked at opportunity to mix with colleagues and interpersonal relations. 6. Benefits looked at whether the benefits such as pension, medical schemes and leave were satisfactory. 7. Personal probed the respondents’ feeling s towards their job. 8. Leadership or supervision probed the level of satisfaction with the manager. 9. General probed if the respondents’ had considered alternative employment, and hence their level of satisfaction with the organization. Appendix 2 ————————————————- BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION . Gender Male Female 2. Home / Preferred language English Afrikaans Xhosa Other 3. Marital Status Single Married Divorced Widowed 4. Age Under 20 years 21 –30 years 31 – 40 years 41 – 50 years 51 – 60 years 61 years & older 5. Race African Asian Colored White 6. Job Classification Specialist Line Manager Clerical/ Administration If you are unsure which category, please state your occupation: 7. Educational Qualification < Std 8 Matric Diploma Degree Masters Other (Please specify) 8. Job Grade PG 9 PG 10 PG 11 PG 12 PG 13 PG 14 PG 15 9. How long have y ou been employed at this company? Less than 1 year 1 year – 5 years 6 years – 10 years 11 years – 15 years 16 years – 20 years 21 years or longer Appendix 3 ————————————————- Work Satisfaction and Motivation Questionnaire 1. INTRODUCTION It is fairly obvious that people differ from one another in what they need and expect to get from different areas of their lives. Please think about the work you do and because most jobs are not perfect, consider what would make it better from your point of view. 2. METHOD FOR ANSWERING QUESTIONS With each question, you have a choice of three answers. Choose one of the following: TRUE = T NOT SURE = NS UNTRUE = U Mark your answers with a cross (X). 3. WORK CONTENT | T| NS | UT| 3. 1 I am interested in my work | 1| 2| 3| 3. 2 My work consists of a variety of work | 1| 2| 3| 3. 3 I receive training daily which teaches me something new| 1| 2| 3| 3. 4 My work is easy | 1| 2| 3| 3. 5 The amount of work is easy to handle| 1| 2| 3| 3. 6 I control the amount of work I do myself| 1| 2| 3| 3. 7 I am completely independent of others | 1| 2| 3| 3. 8 I regard the content of my work as responsible | 1| 2| 3| 3. I know exactly what my mistakes are | 1| 2| 3| 3. 10 I am allowed to decide on the methods for doing the work | 1| 2| 3| 3. 11 I am proud to say what kind of work I do | 1| 2| 3| 3. 12 My work is the way to future success | 1| 2| 3| 3. 13 I will not be dismissed without good reason | 1| 2| 3| 3. 14 I have the opportunity to take part when decisions are made | 1| 2| 3| 3. 15 I feel that my work is of value in my department | 1| 2| 3| 3. 1 6 There is not time for idleness | 1| 2| 3| 3. 17 I have a certain degree of authority in my work | 1| 2| 3|   | 4. PAYMENT | T| NS | UT| . 1 My salary is satisfactory in relation to what I do | 1| 2| 3| 4. 2 I earn the same as or more that other people in a similar job| 1| 2| 3| 4. 3 The basis of payment, for example overtime payment, is reasonable | 1| 2| 3| 4. 4 Salary increases are decided on a fair manner | 1| 2| 3| 5. PROMOTION | T| NS | UT| 5. 1 I will be promoted within the next two years| 1| 2| 3| 5. 2 Everyone has an equal chance to be promoted | 1| 2| 3| 5. 3 Staff are promoted in a fair and honest way | 1| 2| 3|   | 6. RECOGNITION | T| NS | UT| 6. 1 I am praised regularly for my work | 1| 2| 3| 6. I receive constructive criticism about my work | 1| 2| 3| 6. 3 I get credit for what I do | 1| 2| 3| 6. 4 I am told that I am making progress | 1| 2| 3| | 7. WORKING CONDITIONS | T| NS | UT| 7. 1 My working hours are reasonable| 1| 2| 3| 7. 2 I am never overworked | 1| 2| 3 | 7. 3 I get the opportunity to mix with my colleagues and to communicate on aspects of our work| 1| 2| 3| | 8. BENEFITS | T| NS | UT| 8. 1 My pensions benefits are good | 1| 2| 3| 8. 2 My medical scheme is satisfactory| 1| 2| 3| 8. 3 I never have problems with my arrangements for leave | 1| 2| 3|   | 9. PERSONAL | T| NS | UT| 9. I am given work in accordance with my qualifications a skills| 1| 2| 3| 9. 2 I work in the department of my choice| 1| 2| 3| | 10. MY LEADER/ SUPERVISOR | T| NS | UT| 10. 1 Is satisfied easily | 1| 2| 3| 10. 2 Will support me if there are problems | 1| 2| 3| 10. 3 Can be convinced and persuaded | 1| 2| 3| 10. 4 Is a warm-hearted person | 1| 2| 3| | 11. GENERAL | T| NS | UT| 11. 1 I have considered changing jobs | 1| 2| 3| 1. 2 I have been looking out for another job | 1| 2| 3| 11. 3 I am thinking of resigning| 1| 2| 3| | | | | THANK YOU | | | | Please check to make sure that you have not missed any questions. |